Le Chatelier’s Principle

a. remove NH3 gas
b. decrease pressure
c. add N2 gas
d. increase temperature
N2 + 3 H2 <===> 2 NH3 + heat

m. decrease O2 concentration
n. add catalyst
N2 + O2 + heat <===> 2 NO

 

e. increase SO2 concentration
f. increase temperature
g. remove O2
2 SO2 + O2 <===> 2 SO3 + heat

o. increase Cl2 concentration
p. decrease pressure
PCl3 + Cl2 <===> PCl5 + heat

 

h. increase temperature
i. increase CO concentration
j. decrease pressure
CO2 + C + heat <===> 2 CO

q. decrease pressure
r. add a catalyst
CO2 + H2 + heat <===> CO + H2O

 

k. increase H2 concentration
l. increase pressure
H2 + Cl2 <===> 2 HCl + heat

s. decrease pressure
t. remove N2O4
N2O4 + heat <===> 2 NO2

Use the following  Ksp values:

CaF2

Ksp = 1.46 x 10¯10

Cu2S

Ksp = 2.26 x 10¯48

Fe(OH)2

Ksp = 4.87 x 10¯17

Ag2S

Ksp = 6.69 x 10¯50

Calculate solubility in terms of molarity and in terms of grams/liter for each of the above.

Answer the following:

1)When pure water is heated  pH (increases, decreases)?  Explain.

2) What is the pH of a 0.38 M solution of HClO2 with a Ka of 3.5 x 10-8

3) I am a 0.20 M solution of hydrocyanic acid, HCN, with a Ka of 4.93 x 10-10. What is my pH?

4) What is the pH of a solution of 0.18 M methylamine with a Kb of 4.38 x 10-4?

5) I am a 0.020 M solution of a weak acid, HA, who dissociates to the extent of 3.5%. What is the value of my Ka?

6) I am a Bronsted-Lowry acid. Therefore, I am a _________________donor.

7) I am a Bronsted-Lowry base. As a result, I am a proton ______________.

8) The bicarbonate ion is HCO3¯. Because it can both donate and accept a proton under

certain conditions it is called a(n) ______________________ species.

9) Water is neither an acid nor a base in the Arrhenius system.

10) The molarity of water in pure water and in most aqueous solutions is approximately what?

11) The larger the value of Ka, the stronger the acid, true or false?

12) The stronger an acid, the stronger its conjugate base.

13) The strongest acid that can exist in aqueous solutions is perchloric acid.

14) The strongest base that can exist in aqueous solutions is the OH¯ ion.